LONG-TERM OUTCOMES FOLLOWING FREY'S PROCEDURE FOR CHRONIC PANCREATITIS – A TEN-YEARS OF SINGLE-CENTER EXPERIENCE FROM A TERTIARY CARE CENTER IN SOUTH INDIA

Background/Aim: Chronic pancreatitis (CP) is surgically treated in selected patient populations. Frey's procedure (FP) is the most commonly described procedure for CP with head mass. This study is being conducted to determine the long-term outcome and ef?cacy of FP in patients with CP in South India of various etiologies. Methods: This is a retrospective study of patients who underwent FP at our institution. Clinical features, perioperative ?ndings, and follow-up results were evaluated. A subgroup analysis of pain relief was performed between alcoholics and non-alcoholic groups and between patients receiving FP alone and FP with additional procedures. Of the 181 patients, alcohol was Results: the causative factor in 99 (54.69%), gallstones in 20 (11.04%), and idiopathic in 62 (34.25%). With a median follow-up of 43.49 months (range 12-72 months), 78 (43.09%) patients experienced complete pain relief. Due to persistent pain and the presence of preoperative diabetes mellitus (DM), pain relief in patients with postoperative complications was incomplete. New DM and exocrine dysfunction were reported in 25 years (13.81%) and 15 (8.28%) patients. Patients with a history of alcohol abuse, smoking, weight loss, and postoperative complications are associated with newly developed diabetes. FP is a Conclusion: safe surgical option for CP with acceptable perioperative complications and appropriate short-term and long-term pain management in properly selected patients. Continuous pain and preoperative DM were independent predictors of incomplete pain relief after FP. Symptoms associated with alcohol abuse, smoking, and weight loss were associated with the development of post-FP DM in the study population.

Liquid Fire In The Stomach A Minimally Invasive Approach

Corrosive injuries are common in developing countries. Acid ingestion is more common in developing countries when compared to alkali ingestion in developed countries. Ingestion may be accidental or suicidal. The nature of the corrosive ingested determines the extent of injury caused. Acidic injury commonly affects stomach than alkalis and it ranges from acute to chronic gastric injuries. In this article we discuss about the management of corrosive stricture of pylorus of stomach which was dealt by laparoscopy.

Normal reference ranges for aortic diameters in preterm infants

Objective:To establish normal reference ranges and Z-scores for aortic diameters in preterm infants according to the body surface area and assess their correlation with body weight, body surface area, and gestational age

Patients and Methods: In a prospective study, 268 preterm infants who fulfilled the criteria for inclusion were examined. Echocardiograms were performed to measure the ascending aorta, transverse aorta, and aortic isthmus diameters on 0 days to 6 days of life and at weekly intervals until the babies reached 36 weeks. Body surface area was divided into 13 groups from 0.07 m2 to 0.19 m[2]

Results: The mean gestational age was 29.8 [± 2.38 standard deviation [SD]] weeks, ranging from 24 weeks to 35 weeks. The mean body weight was 1479 [+/- 413 SD] g, ranging from 588 g to 3380 g, and the mean body surface area was 0.13 m[2], ranging from 0.07 m2 to 0.19 m[2]. All the aortic diameters correlated well with both body weight and body surface area. Reference ranges with the mean +/- SD, range, and Z-scores were calculated for aortic diameters according to the body surface area. A significant gradual increase was observed in ascending aorta, transverse aorta, and aortic isthmus diameters with increasing body surface area. Overall, a progressive and significant increase in ascending aorta, transverse aorta, and aortic isthmus diameters was observed during the first 9 weeks of life

Conclusion: The ascending aorta, transverse aorta, and aortic isthmus diameters exhibited a significant correlation with the body surface area and body weight. This study provides reference data with Z-scores that can be used as a normal reference tool for the ascending aorta, transverse aorta, and aortic isthmus diameters for preterm infants based on the body surface area

Surface, thermal and hemocompatible properties of novel single stage electrospun nanocomposites comprising polyurethane blended with bio oilTM

ABSTRACT In this work, the physicochemical and blood compatibility properties of prepared PU/Bio oil nanocomposites were investigated. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) studies revealed the reduction of mean fiber diameter (709 ± 211 nm) compared to the pristine PU (969 nm ± 217 nm). Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis exposed the characteristic peaks of pristine PU. Composite peak intensities were decreased insinuating the interaction of the bio oilTM with the PU. Contact angle analysis portrayed the hydrophobic nature of the fabricated patch compared to pristine PU. Thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) depicted the better thermal stability of the novel nanocomposite patch and its different thermal behavior in contrast with the pristine PU. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) analysis revealed the increase in the surface roughness of the composite patch. Activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) and prothrombin time (PT) signified the novel nanocomposite patch ability in reducing the thrombogenicity and promoting the anticoagulant nature. Finally the hemolytic percentage of the fabricated composite was in the acceptable range revealing its safety and compatibility with the red blood cells. To reinstate, the fabricated patch renders promising physicochemical and blood compatible nature making it a new putative candidate for wound healing application.

Neonatal outcomes in early term neonates versus term neonates in a tertiary care hospital – A cross sectional comparative study.

Background: Preterm birth is one of the chief causes of neonatal mortality and morbidity. The larger studies presented higher rate of adverse outcomes in association to term infants in contrast of neonatal mortality and morbidity. The majority of studies confirmed significantly higher rate of adverse outcomes in preterm in the contrast of neonatal mortality and morbidity. In this contest, we studied Ramprakash MA, Charanraj H, Manikumar S, Srinivasan K, Umadevi L, Giridhar S, Rathinasamy. Neonatal outcomes in early term neonates versus term neonates in a tertiary care hospital - A cross sectional comparative study. IAIM, 2016; 3(4): 21-26. Page 22 the association between different antenatal parameters between early term neonates and full term neonates and to compare neonatal complications. Materials and methods: A total 180 neonates born in the study setting, for a period of 6 months were included and study was conducted in Department of Neonatology and Obstetrics and Gynecology in a tertiary care teaching hospital in south India. A structured and validated case report form was designed for the purpose of data collection. The tool was validated by including the inputs from five experts in the subject area. Descriptive analysis of demographic parameters, antenatal and intra natal parameters were done. Chi square test was used to assess the statistical significance of the association. P value < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. IBM SPSS version 21 was used for statistical analysis. Results: A total of 180 infants were included in the study, out of which 92 infants (51.1%) were early term and the remaining 88 (48.9%) were full term infants. The odds of early term pregnancy were 2.44 (95 % CI 1.04 to 5.7, p value 0.028) times higher in diabetic mothers, compared to mothers without diabetes. The odds of early term pregnancy was 4.08(95% CI 1.66 to 10.06, p value 0.001) for maternal hypertension and 11.81(95% CI 1.50 to 93.77, p value 0.004) for maternal anemia. The proportion of LSCS was quite high in early term pregnancy, compared to term pregnancy (52.2% Vs 18.2%, p value <0.001). The proportion of small for gestational age (SGA) babies was 29.7% in early term pregnancies (P value 0.011). The odds of hypoglycemia were 3.42 times more in ET pregnancies, compared to full term pregnancies (OR 3.423, 95 % CI 1.37 to 8.52, p value 0.006). Conclusion: The early-term delivery is associated with greater morbidity. There was reasonable relationship was evident involving maternal diabetes mellitus, hypertension, anemia, IUGR and early term pregnancy. The proportion of LSCS was reasonably high in early term pregnancy with slightly higher proportion small for gestational age babies. Neonatal intensive care admissions were found higher in early term than full term pregnancies. Further, there is continual relationship between gestational age and neonatal morbidity from early pregnancy

Evaluating in vitro antioxidant activity and GC-MS analysis of Scoparia dulcis Linn (Scrophulariacae).

Free radical scavenging activity was observed in both the methanol extract (M.E) and aqueous extract (A.E) of Scoparia dulcis respectively. In this study significant free radical scavenging activity was determined by evaluating the inhibition concentration (IC50) in each test. In 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) model the extract displayed potential free radicals scavenging activity with IC50 of M.E is 311.13µg/mL and A.E is 441.96μg/mL. Nitric oxide model displayed IC50 of 293.77µg/mL in M.E and 434.93µg/mL in A.E. While superoxide ion model showed IC50 of 281.02 µg/mL and 440.14µg/mL respectively for both methanol and aqueous extract when compared to standard ascorbic acid. The presence of phenol, flavonoid and total antioxidant in both the extract justifies the antioxidant potential of the plant which brings about its free radicals scavenging potential. GC-MS analysis showed the presence of 6 different phytochemicals with (Z)-7-Hexadecenyl acetate found to be the compound with maximum peak percentage 51.51% in M.E and β-Cyclocitral with 43.90% in A.E respectively. Thus we conclude that the antioxidant activities may be due to the cumulative effect of the phytochemicals present in the plant which genuinely designate them as free radical scavenger.

Neuroprotective effects of Indigofera tinctoria on noise stress affected Wistar albino rat brain.

The objective of the study is to evaluate the DNA damage, behavior and free radical scavenging enzymes level when exposed to noise. Noise stress was performed using broadband white noise generator after pre-treated oral administration of Indigofera tinctoria (300mg/Kg .b.w.). Significance increase in nitric oxide and lipid peroxidation level in stressed rat shows possibility of neurodegeneration and this is justified by genomic DNA damage in brain discrete region. Increase in enzymatic and decrease in non-enzymatic level suggest that oxidative imbalance persist in animal when expose to noise in both brain and adrenal. Anxiety and altered motor coordination was also observed in our studies, this finding could be attributed to the detrimental effects of noise not only at the biochemical level but also the molecular and psychological behavior of the rat. However, oral administration of I.tinctoria significantly prevented noise induced oxidative damages. These results conclude that I.tinctoria may possess neuroprotective effects and the antioxidant property of the plant may have resulted in its therapeutic efficacy.

Effect of quercetin against lindane induced alterations in the serum and hepatic tissue lipids in wistar rats

Objective: To assess the effect of quercetin (flavonoid) against lindane induced alterations in lipid profile of wistar rats. Methods: Rats were administered orally with lindane (100 mg/kg body weight) and quercetin (10 mg/kg body weight) for 30 days. After the end of treatment period lipid profile was estimated in serum and tissue. Results: Elevated levels of serum cholesterol, triglycerides, low density lipoprotein (LDL), very Low Density Lipoprotein (VLDL) and tissue triglycerides, cholesterol with concomitant decrease in serum HDL and tissue phospholipids were decreased in lindane treated rats were found to be significantly decreased in the quercetin and lindane co-treated rats. Conclusions: Our study suggests that quercetin has hypolipidemic effect and offers protection against lindane induced toxicity in liver by restoring the altered levels of lipids. The quercetin cotreatment along with lindane for 30 days reversed these biochemical alterations in lipids induced by lindane.

Effect of quercetin against lindane induced alterations in the serum and hepatic tissue lipids in wistar rats

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To assess the effect of quercetin (flavonoid) against lindane induced alterations in lipid profile of wistar rats.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Rats were administered orally with lindane (100 mg/kg body weight) and quercetin (10 mg/kg body weight) for 30 days. After the end of treatment period lipid profile was estimated in serum and tissue.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Elevated levels of serum cholesterol, triglycerides, low density lipoprotein (LDL), very Low Density Lipoprotein (VLDL) and tissue triglycerides, cholesterol with concomitant decrease in serum HDL and tissue phospholipids were decreased in lindane treated rats were found to be significantly decreased in the quercetin and lindane co-treated rats.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Our study suggests that quercetin has hypolipidemic effect and offers protection against lindane induced toxicity in liver by restoring the altered levels of lipids. The quercetin cotreatment along with lindane for 30 days reversed these biochemical alterations in lipids induced by lindane.</p>

Mechanism of oil-pulling therapy - In vitro study.

Background: Oil pulling has been used extensively as a traditional Indian folk remedy without scientific proof for many years for strengthening teeth, gums and jaws and to prevent decay, oral malodor, bleeding gums and dryness of throat and cracked lips. Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial activity of sesame oil and lignans isolated from sesame oil on oral microorganisms and to check whether saponification or emulsification occurs during oil-pulling therapy. Materials and Methods: The in vitro study was carried out in three different phases: (1) Antibacterial activity of the lignans and sesame oil were tested by minimum inhibitory concentration assay by agar dilution method and agar well diffusion method, respectively. (2) Increase in free fatty acid level of oil and the quantity of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) used up in the titration are good indicators of saponification process. This was assessed using analytical tests for vegetable oils. (3) Swished oil was observed under light microscope to assess the status of the oil, presence of microorganisms, oral debris and foreign bodies. Results: Sesamin and sesamolin isolated from sesame oil did not have any antibacterial effect against oral microorganisms like Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus mitis and Streptococcus viridans. Emulsification of sesame oil occurs during oil-pulling therapy. Increased consumption of NaOH in titration is a definite indication of a possible saponification process. Conclusion: The myth that the effect of oil-pulling therapy on oral health was just a placebo effect has been broken and there are clear indications of possible saponification and emulsification process, which enhances its mechanical cleaning action.

Occurrence of Aeromonas hydrophila in acute gasteroenteritis among children.

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: The interest on the occurrence multidrug resistance and pathogenicity of Aeromonas hydrophila is increasing worldwide since it causes gasteroenteritis to children. Though reports on the occurrence of gasteroenteritis among children due to A. hydrophila in Tamil Nadu are available from certain areas, no information is available from Coimbatore. Hence, this study was undertaken to find out the occurrence of the pathogenic A. hydrophila in diarrhoeal stool of children, particularly in Coimbatore region. METHODS: Isolation and identification of A. hydrophila was carried out from stool samples collected from children with acute diarrhoea. Multiple antibiotic resistance was determined by disc diffusion method. The pathogenicity of A. hydrophila was confirmed by production of haemolysin, protease and slime. RESULTS: Of the 216 samples, 21 (9.7%) were positive for A. hydrophila. Among them 20 isolates were resistant to bacitracin. Most of the isolates showed multiple antibiotic resistance. Among the 21 isolates, protease and haemolysin producers were 100 and 95 per cent respectively. About 76 per cent of the isolates produced slime. INTERPRETATION & CONCLUSION: The results of the present study indicated the presence of pathogenic A. hydrophila in the study area causing diarrhoea among children.